Personality and Situational Determinants of Judgmental Confidence and Extremity

Author(s):

Kogan, Nathan; Wallach, Michael A.

Publication Year:

1964

Report Number:

RB-64-05

Source:

ETS Research Bulletin

Document Type:

Report

Page Count:

25

Subject/Key Words:

Anxiety, Decision Making, Personality Traits, Risk, Self Esteem, Student Experience

Abstract

The present investigation examines the effects of manifest anxiety, prior success-failure experience, and task set on judgmental confidence and extremity. In a sample of 141 male college students, a significant triple interaction was obtained for both confidence and extremity, indicating that success-failure and task sets have a differential impact upon these judgmental variables for subjects low and high in manifest anxiety. The findings provided evidence for the operation of two processes in judgmental behavior, conceptualized as desire-for-certainty and cognitive risk taking. Our conclusions emphasized the multiple determination of judgmental phenomena by personality and situational influences.

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• http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.2333-8504.1964.tb00126.x